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98.704 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION ( A) 3-1-0
Module I
Human Anatomy & Physiology :
Anatomy & Physiology of major systems of the body. Principles of generation and propagation of bioelectric potentials. Electrical activity of heart, propagation of action through nerves, conduction velocity and latency. EMG, EMC, ECG, ERG, EEG, EGG, MEG. Bio potential electrodes - different types of electrodes, polarisable & nonpolarisable electrodes. Theory of electrode - skin interface. Electrode behaviour & circuit models. Electrodes for
stimulation.
Transducers, Leads & electrodes : transducers for biological applications - transduction principles, different types - active and passive transducers, implantable transducers, transducers for pressure, flow, pulse, respiration. Chemical sensors.
Leads & Electrodes : Types, Materilas, properties, characteristics. Method
of application and selection - equivalent circuits of leads & electrodes.
Module II
Biopotential amplifiers, recoders & monitors:
Amplifiers : for Ecg, EMG & EEG - basic requirements, design considerations
- frequency, gain etc.
ECG : Working principles, electrode systems and clinical applications
EEG : Working Principles, lead system and clinical applications
EMG : Working Principles and clinical applications. Evoked potential systems,
determination of conduction velocity and latency.
Phonocardiolography - principle and clinical applications
Biopotential recording - Noise, motion artfact and other considerations
Recorders : Potentiometer, galvanometer, electrostatic UV recorder and magnetic
tape recorder
Module III
Diagnosis and therapeutic Equipments:
Diagnosis Equipments - Electronic BP Monitors, pulse monitors,
electrocardioscope, spirometer, pulse oxi meter, ECG machine, EEG machine, EMG
machine, EOG machine, ERG machine, PH meter, auto analyzer, gas analyzers.
Therapeutic Equipments - Pacemakers, Defibrillator, heart - lung machine, nerve
and muscle stimulators, dialysis machines, Surgical diathermy equipment, micro
wave - short wave and ultrasound diathermy equipments, Nebuliser, Inhalator,
Aspirator, Humidifier and ventilators.
Electrical Safety - Physiological effects of electricity, Micro & macro
shock hazards. Electrical safety codes & Standards. Protection of patients,
power distribution and equipment design.
Text Books : -
1. Leslie cromwell, Fred J. Weibell and
Erich A Pferffer - Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements - Prentice Hall
of India, 1990
2. R.S Khandpur - Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation - Tata Mc Graw - Hill
References : -
1. John G. Webster - Medical
Instrumentation - Application and Design - Houghton mifflin company, Boston
2. John C. Cobbold - Tranducers for Biomedical measurements - John wiley &
Sons
3. Jacob Kline- Hand book of Biomedical Engineering - Academic Press INC
Question Paper : -
The question paper will consist of two parts. Part I is to cover the entire syllabus, and carries 40 marks. This will contain 10 compulsory questions of 4 marks each. Part II is to cover 3 modules, and carries 60 marks. There will be 3 questions from each module (10 marks each) out of which 2 are to be answered.